Pseudoseizures: Not funny.

Several years ago, I witnessed a patient with pseudoseizures. She was investigated for all number of neurologic disorders, and some of her seizures were real; stress induced. It appears retrospectively that the others were mostly an attention grab. It scared many of the people who knew her.

More recently, a nurse friend of mine related to me a few stories about patients with pseudoseizures, in what would best be described as a light-hearted tone. The lengths some patients would go to defend their 'seizures' were just plain silly.

Picture a patient accused of faking a tonic-clonic seizure stopping and saying "I am so having a seizure!" Or when one nurse remarks to the other, within the patient's earshot, "You shouldn't leave those fluoro lights on, they can set off seizures." Needless to say, a 'seizure' ensued within seconds.

Let me be clear; Pseudoseizures are not funny. Evidently, there are some potentially humorous stories about pseudoseizures, but, in person, to witness or to have, they are not funny. More appropriate adjectives might include worrisome, concerning, irritating and dangerous.

You see, the population most at risk of pseudoseizures is, in fact, patients whom suffer (genuine) seizures. Chances are, if you present with refractory, extremely convincing, pseudoseizures, you'll be treated via the same protocols as for status epilepticus. Not fun.

There's a long list of things that cause seizures. It's a pretty serious list, too, being that seizures are oftentimes life threatening. Uncontrolled epilepsy, brain tumours, drug overdoses and the like are, well, they're a formidable lot; the cause of any seizure certainly warrants a full investigation.

Thankfully, most textbooks point out the common features of pseudoseizures that are not consistent with seizures. These include pelvic thrusting, a lack of head thrashing, ability to listen to and abide by instructions, eyes tracking across the room and a lack of post-ictal confusion. It's also worthwhile noting that urinary incontinence has been known to occur in what would be best described as severe pseudoseizures.

And, deep down, you might understand some of the logic; these patients have a history of seizures and crikey, they know what kind of response it gets. Plus, it's far less risky than attempting to top yourself, and much more socially acceptable than throwing a temper-tantrum. So, why not fake the odd one, just now and then. Going out on a limb, I'd say that there's certainly another common denominator with seizures and pseudoseizures; Stress.

Psychological stress does messed up things to people most of the time, but, hang, throw a neurological disorder into the mix and it's all on.

By this stage of the post, the chances are that readers who are familiar with seizures are a wee bit miffed. I'm sorry. I'm not blanket accusing seizure sufferers of attention-seeking. Not in the slightest. As I've mentioned earlier, seizures are a big deal and should be appropriately treated and, after the event should not be negatively socially stigmatised.

What I am trying to illustrate is that seizures, pseudo- or otherwise are freaking scary entities, not least for the person they're happening to. But a pseudoseizure, if a patient's having one consciously and intentionally, is like a really nasty joke to which only they'll ever get the punchline. Kind of like the opposite to a Dissociative Fugue...

2 comments:

    This is a very interesting and topical post for me. I'm an RN. Most of the seizing patients that I have looked after have displayed pseudo-seizure activity. It it is terrifying to watch and heartbreaking to think that someone needs to display such scary behaviour to seek attention. Not in an attempt to test, but ultimately doing so, one of the things that has proven the type of seizure is the flushing of the cannula. We always flush before giving anything and more often than not, the saline flush has ended the fitting.
    I still feel that the psedo-fitters needs just as much care as those who are genuine. Something is obviously wrong, be it neurological or psychological.

    On November 29, 2009 at 8:02 PM Anonymous said...

    The only thing I can agree on is that it is an interesting topic. And yes I've had the flushing

    I SUFFER from pseudo's and "real" seizures.

    As for the pseudo's there is nothing I can do stop them, nor to recreate them. As a matter of fact, it is impossible to recreate a REAL pseudo seizure.

    The nurses in the field need to move on and find some else to do.

    As do you, judjing by the comments on this article it really interests no one....THANK GOD, YOU IDIOT. Do research. Use Your BRAIN- Tell YOUR FRIENDS!!!